Mind Map for UPSC Exam (Maternity Benefit Bill 2016)

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Issues

Women

World Health Organisation recommends that children must be exclusively breastfed by the mother for the first 24 weeks to improve their survival rates
Absence of adequate maternity leave and income security leads to women dropping out of the labour force
On the other hand it is argued it Could adversely affect women job prospects.

Child

World Health Organisation recommends that children must be exclusively breastfed by the mother for the first 24 weeks to improve their survival rates
It is beneficial for the health of child

Changes

The Bill extends maternity leave for all women to 26 weeks
However, a woman with two or more children will be entitled to 12 weeks of maternity leave
This maternity leave should not be availed before eight weeks from the date of expected delivery
Bill makes it mandatory to provide 12 weeks of maternity leave to: (i) a woman who legally adopts a child below three months of age; and (ii) a commissioning mother
The Bill requires every establishment with 50 or more employees to provide for crèche facilities within a prescribed distance
An employer may permit a woman to work from home, if the nature of work assigned permits her to do so

World Scenario

In 25% of the countries, maternity benefits are paid solely by the employer
In 16 % of the countries, maternity benefits are financed by a combinations of funds from the employer and the government
In 58% of the countries, cash benefits are provided to pregnant women through national social security benefits
In the remaining 1% of the countries, there was no provision for maternity benefits

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